Performance Appraisal free essay sample

Henrik Ibsens A Dolls House is a sensational play that exemplifies the conciliatory job of ladies, parental and dutiful commitments, and the inconsistency of appearances. The play shows the narrative of the Helmers family, presenting the job and reason for each character. In addition the play shows the points of interest and restrictions of the emotional structure. As a matter of first importance, Henrik Ibsens A Dolls House shows the various points of interest of the emotional structures. These favorable circumstances offer intrigue to its crowd. One of these points of interest is the utilization of social cooperation aptitudes. With sensational plays, one an upgrade his/her capacity to interface to other people, the way he/she talks, and the way he/she convey his/her lines or part. Another preferred position is the language advancement. The jargon is progressively improved in most emotional play. Content authors frequently use words that are straightforward yet furthermore, they likewise incorporate new words that perhaps new to the crowds hearing. We will compose a custom exposition test on Execution Appraisal or then again any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Jargon isn't the main part that is improved; sentence organizing is also evolved. In sensational structures, association of words is exceptionally extraordinary. The third bit of leeway of sensational structures is the utilization of images. In writing, imagery is significant. Images make the story progressively reasonable for the crowd or perusers. Images are the articles, characters, figures, or hues used to speak to extract thoughts and ideas. Finally in emotional structures, dream and the truth are combined. Now and again dream is being gone to the real world and then again the truth is being gone to dream. Nonetheless, A Dolls House doesnt just show the benefits of the sensational structures, it likewise shows its impediments. These confinements once in a while let the crowd need for additional. Sensational structures that are not nitty gritty like Henrik Ibsens A Dolls House turn off the crowds ppetite. In many cases plays are being summed up, content authors do exclude pointless subtleties, and they just compose what is required and suitable for the play. They don't give the crowd the entire picture, consequently they let the crowd think about their own decision in some part. Furthermore, plays have constraints on schedule. Content authors maintain a strategic distance from the crowd to get exhausted, so they keep away from long and monotonous contents. Additionally plays like this are befuddling, since content essayists don't give the entire picture to the crowd; disarray begins to emerge in the play. Summarizing, Henrik Ibsens A Dolls House shows the favorable circumstances and constraints of the emotional structures. Points of interest, for example, language advancement and utilization of images make emotional structures increasingly reasonable and fascinating. Consequently, these focal points help the crowd to be progressively agreeable and joined to the story. Then again, the play likewise outlines the constraint of emotional structures.

Fraud Resistance and Detection †Free Samples to Students

Question: Talk about the Fraud Resistance and Detection. Answer: Presentation In this the presentation is given about the DIPL, it is an Australian based organization. The organization start crafted by printing. Notwithstanding this companys fiscal report is being analyzed to survey the proportion and to check the loyalty of the announcements. In this Company will talked about on some different factors, for example, intrinsic hazard factor and different factors, for example, to intrigue the investors by doing some control in the budgetary records of the organization. In this DIPL need to follow the explanatory system so by the assistance of this technique distinction coming in monetary information from a years ago can be effectively looks at with this expository strategy. Notwithstanding this with the assistance logical system looks at of proportions should be possible on the organization. In this report fiscal report and analyze of proportions of the organization of most recent three years has been examined underneath:- Explanation for systematic examination (introducing figuring of proportions) Calculation of proportion investigation Liquidity proportion 2013 2014 2015 Current proportion 1.424851323 1.46655925 1.500731379 0.017751573 Snappy proportion 0.82797619 0.944834334 0.847272997 0.007768664 Working capital 16,05,938.0 23,88,900.0 32,03,429.0 0.331580049 Gainfulness Ratios 2013 2014 2015 Working Profit Margin 0.100977727 0.089047255 0.08898715 - 0.039581594 Net Profit Margin 0.068957968 0.060779639 0.06838972 - 0.002746837 Profit for Capital Employed 0.4 0.3 0.2 - 0.160459244 Profit for Equity 0.257834973 0.212484827 0.24261746 - 0.019673454 Profit for Total resources 0.182458623 0.144075478 0.113667738 - 0.125673945 Obligation value proportion Capital structure proportion 2013 2014 2015 Obligation value 0.413114754 0.474816041 1.134444326 0.582025183 Intrigue inclusion proportion 40.94205904 40.1257067 4.78608308 - 0.294367022 Proficiency proportion Proficiency proportion 2013 2014 2015 Receivable turnover proportion 11.08401323 9.2532887 Leaser turnover proportion 12.68542199 11.23585229 Stock turnover proportion 12.83396414 10.75765974 Resources turnover proportion 2.614942828 2.066946288 In this report we will examined about the numerous progressions has been determined of the money related information of organization from most recent two years. To be increasingly productive, the organization needs to change their arrangements and systems and furthermore need to roll out certain improvements in another process(Well, 2017). The new variety of the organization additionally drives the organization from the front for holding the portion of the market in the offer market. For this situation investigation of the organization different proportions is been inspected on the organization, money related components are being measure after analyzed because of changes have being finished by the organization. In this new factor is present knows as liquidity proportion by the assistance of this proportion there is augmentations of 1.77% in organization current proportion. The large factor of additions in current proportion is, high turnover of the organization in a years ago. Because of high turnover of the organization working capital of the organization will raise consequently. The impact of this the current working capital was 16, 05,938 AUD it has been expanded by 32, 03,429 AUD in year 2015.In expansion to this by present of the speedy proportion organization effectively dealt with the liquidity and furthermore dealt with the capital structure of the organization appropriately and satisfy the different sorts of prerequisites of the organization. The organization present the productivity proportion which is utilized to quantify the benefit of the organization yet from a year ago it has been estimated that benefit is diminishing a direct result of the progressions made by the organization for the inner and outer clients. It has been seen that there is decrease of 3.95% of working overall revenue in the year 2013 and the pace of working net revenue in present is 1.009% in the year 2015 the rate is evaluated as .88%. Because of this the budgetary state of the organization has gone down it has been impact by the some related elements of the gainfulness proportion. It has been notice that estimation of the benefit of the organization is diminishing and it very well may be appears with the assistance of ROCE, return on absolute resource proportions, ROE and net revenue. Likewise, presenting the capital structure proportion and proficiency proportion which helps the organization for the development and execution of the organization( Hoelzer, 2011). The organization follows the capital structure proportion from most recent two years and because of impact of this there is addition of 58.20% in the red value proportion. The explanation for the progressions made in the charge value proportion is because of contrasts in the liabilities and resources of the organization from most recent two years. There are the different proportions identified with productivity proportion a portion of these are talked about beneath : Assets turnover proportion, receivable turnover proportion, stock turnover proportion, proficiency turnover proportion, Creditor turnover proportion and receivable turnover proportion by the assistance of these proportion organization development and execution can be inspect with the assistance of these proportions and working capital is likewise analyzes with the assistance of these proportions( Iverson, 2013). For this situation study, it has been referenced that in light of the change is done in the business systems and plans, capacities, and activities and so forth because of this numerous progressions have been finished with the assistance of proportions. Because of this, it has become the troublesome activity for the evaluators to analyze the progressions and follow up on them. It has been looking at that changes have been happening because of slip-up and incorrectness made by Jay and partners( DeGeorge , 2014). It turned into the obligation of Stewart and Kathy to discover the blunders and cheats and follow up on them straightway. Stewart and Kathys is the new customer of DIPL, and it is an obligation of inspector to looks at the dangers components of organization and it is an obligation of evaluator to comprehend the dangers components and having the capacities to take a choice on dangers components and furthermore have the abilities for taking the solid choice for the organization( Handsworth, 2012). After investigation the organization report, it has been seen that organization is confronting the few issues by inalienable hazard factors. Inalienable dangers factors are talked about in subtleties, for example, Purposeful Misstatement The innate hazard factor of the organization is talked about in subtleties, for example, In this bookkeeper offers the money related expression of the organization, without considering to any bookkeeping standards which expresses that there ought to be an appropriate rule and the guidelines and rule for setting up the budget summaries will be followed( Fernando, 2012). Generally bookkeeper are associated with the cheats exercises while setting up the budget report of the organization bookkeeper do the fakes in this. For this situation, concentrate after inspects the DIPLs report, it has been seen that augmentations are done on income in a year ago, notwithstanding this some different factors additionally speak to the development of the organization. As indicated by this organization, benefit is still less( Hoelzer, 2011). This factor has been occurring, the purpose for this is paying the high expense form to the legislature of Australian, it occurs because of the high benefits. Because of this organization is engaged with the cheats initiates they decline the benefit of the organization to pay the less duty to the administration of the Australia and shows the low benefit. This extortion enacts should be possible by the organization by doing the bogus exchange with the goal that the benefit can be diminished. For this situation study, it inspects the some proportion that the great execution and development of the organization, it might be conceivable just when these realities are appeared in the budget summaries by the consequence of this partner of the organization may get dazzled and they can put more in organization and it tends to be gainful realities for the organization( Fernando, 2012). So companys intrigue charges have been expanded by high rates these sorts of exercises has been remembering for the cheats action so the impact of this expansion the financing cost charges aftereffects of that enormous measure of advance. With this there is multifaceted nature has been done in the budget report of the organization. What's more, the pace of devaluation has been expanded. Some different variables are referenced, for example, significant compensations has been given to the worker which isn't important. Another explanation of inborn hazard factor for DIPL, is that off-base proclamation has been done in the books of records by the evaluator. To stay away from the inalienable hazard factor organization need to dodge the all cheats initiates and other a few realities so that by evading these elements an organization can accomplish their targets and deals with their development and execution of the organization. Worldwide and household revealing What's more, business of the organization can without much of a stretch oversaw at local level and individual business can undoubtedly be overseen by the organization in Australia. Notwithstanding this to do the business at global level organization need to observe the rule and rules of IFRS and GAAP and furthermore follows the all the prerequisites identified with this procedure. Observing the general bookkeeping's standard and principles could encourage the organization in owing kindness of gigantic speculations by FDIC. Adjacent to this, getting tremendous sum if venture could bolster the organization in settling a few issues. It has been referenced for this situation study it shows that rules and guideline of the general bookkeeping and the rule doesn't follow because of this fitting way isn't trailed by them in setting up the budget reports( Thibodeau Freier, 2013). This may

8 First Generation Scholarships to Help You Pay for College

8 First Generation Scholarships to Help You Pay for College SAT/ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Paying for school can be trying for some students.College is costly and the money related guide process isn’t consistently straightforward or simple to explore. Luckily, if you’re ready to invest some energy looking, there are a wide range of assets out there that can assist you with making sense of how to pay for college.If you’re an original understudies, there are numerous original grant openings that you can apply for. In this article, we’ll clarify what original understudy grants are and give a rundown of grants for original undergrads that you can apply for. What Are First Generation College Student Scholarships? Original grants are for understudies who are among first in their family to go to a four-year school or university.Some original grants are supported by private sources; others by open. All are intended to help give access to advanced education to a family that has not experienced it previously. There are a few unique meanings of original undergrad scholarships.You’ll need to take a gander at the capabilities for the grant you’re applying for to check whether you meet them. Here are the run of the mill meanings of an original understudy. Keep in mind, these definitions shift contingent upon the school and grant: Neither one of the parents has acquired a Bachelor’s or further developed degree. Neither one of the parents has acquired an Associate’s or further developed degree. Neither parent nor a kin has ever taken a crack at or gone to school. Who Will Qualify For a First Generation Scholarship? Each original undergrad grant has an alternate arrangement of criteria.While there is a typical factor (that the champ will be in the original of understudies in the family to go to school), different capabilities will shift. Original grants might be granted to original understudies who likewise exhibit a solid scholastic record, for example, or who show enthusiasm for a specific territory of study.If you are applying for an original grant, try to peruse the scholarship’s capabilities and application data to check whether you’re a decent up-and-comer. Original College Student Scholarships List There are a wide range of choices for original school grants out there. Here’s a rundown of grants that target original understudies. You can generally ask the money related guide office at your school or college to check whether they offer a comparable grant if it’s excluded here. Benjamin A. Gilman International Scholarship Program Application Deadline: Varies Sum: $5,000 The Gilman Scholarship Program is available to U.S. resident undergrad studentswho are getting Federal Pell Grant subsidizing at a two-year or four-year school or college to take part in study and assistant abroad projects around the world. Benjamin and Patricia Allen Scholarship at Iowa State University Application Deadline: 2/2/2019 Sum: Varies Inclination is given to original understudies going to Iowa State University (characterized as an understudy whose guardians have not moved on from an establishment of advanced education with a four-year degree). Colorado Christian University First Generation Minority Scholarship Application Deadline: Varies Sum: Varies The First Generation Minority Student Scholarship is accessible for understudies tried out the College of Undergraduate Studies at CCU. Cynthia E. Morgan Memorial Scholarship Application Deadline: 2/25/2019 Sum: $1,000 This grant was set up in 2005 for the sake of Cynthia E. Morgan, who died in October 2004. It has been built up trying to help select understudies in paying for their post-optional training. This year’s grant is set at $1,000. Candidates must be an occupant of the State of Maryland. Fontana Transport Inc. Researchers Program Application Deadline: 3/14/2019 Sum: $5,000 The Fontana Transport Inc. Researchers Program is available to underrepresented, low-pay and original school destined understudies. Understudies must be seeking after a college degree full-time in transportation, math, science, building, engineering, natural structure, PreMed, brain research, Spanish language/writing. The candidate doesn't need to be a U.S. resident yet should have a base 3.5 GPA. HEEF Architecture and Engineering Scholarships Application Deadline: 1/19/2019 Sum: $3,000 HEEF grants depend on a blend of low-salary family foundation, scholastic accomplishment, and association in extracurricular exercises, network humanitarian effort, faith gathering or work-business. Graduating secondary school seniors with a base 3.0 GPA, who have been acknowledged into a licensed four-or five-year program in design or building may apply. Odyssey Scholarships Application Deadline: Varies Sum: Varies The Odyssey Scholarship program gives improved scholastic, social, and profession backing to understudies from lower-pay familiesor who are the first in their families to go to school. Odyssey Scholars are chosen based on monetary need and family conditions and will be qualified for extra subsidizing for concentrate abroad and different costs, (for example, medical coverage). Understudies must apply for need-based money related guide so as to be considered for this need-based college financed grant; understudies chose as Odyssey Scholars for the most part have family earnings under $90,000. College of Colorado Boulder First Generation Grant Application Deadline: Varies Sum: $8,000 The First Generation Grant is granted to Colorado residentswhose guardians don't have any instruction or specialized preparing past secondary school. Furthermore, understudies granted with the First Generation Grant have the chance to take an interest in the First Generation researchers program. Recap: Applying for First Generation Scholarships Original grants are accessible to candidates who are the first or among the first in their family to go to school. In the event that you are in the original of your family to set off for college or college, you can apply to be considered for one of these grants. There are original grants accessible to understudies at singular colleges, just as grants open to understudies from various geographic regions or examining explicit fields. In the event that you think you qualify, it's justified, despite all the trouble to search for various alternatives. What’s Next? An extraordinary school application will get you admitted.Useour school acknowledgment calculatorto get an expected level of your opportunity of getting into your fantasy school, in light of your SAT or ACT score and GPA. One thing an extraordinary school application can have is a high SAT or ACT score.Get master tips in our aides onhow to get an ideal 36 on the ACTandhow to get an ideal 1600 on the SAT. Need to construct the most ideal school application? We can help. PrepScholar Admissions is the world's best confirmations counseling administration. We join world-class affirmations guides with our information driven, restrictive confirmations techniques. We've supervised a huge number of understudies get into their top decision schools, from state universities to the Ivy League. We comprehend what sorts of understudies universities need to concede. We need to get you admitted to your fantasy schools. Become familiar with PrepScholar Admissions to expand your opportunity of getting in.

Euthanasia Should Be A Legal Option Essay -- Euthanasia Essays

Willful extermination is a disputable subject, not just on the grounds that there are a wide range of good situations related with it, yet in addition in what comprises its definition. At the extraordinary parts of the bargains, state killing, otherwise called doctor help in biting the dust, is a decent or benevolent demise. Rivals of willful extermination state it's an extravagant word for homicide. There are reasons that would make an individual lean toward the side of killing, and there are likewise reasons that would dismiss somebody from willful extermination. The contentions against willful extermination remember the congregation's view for the subject of self destruction. The contentions for killing incorporate the patients wish to have poise. Nonetheless, paying little heed to the patients wishes, self destruction is illegal. In the event that an individual has a living will, it would permit the specialists to legally end any life safeguarding treatment. Without a living will this is impossible. The choice to permit a patient to end their life is plainly not a simple one. The courts feel that except if there is a living will to state what the patient would need to be done, the specialists must attempt to spare the patient. The law doesn't necessitate that everything must be done to keep a patient alive. A few people feel that keeping a patient invigorated against their de sires isn't just remorseless and insensitive, yet it is additionally in opposition to law and practice. In any case, throughout recent centuries, doctors in preparing have been taking the ?Hippocratic Oath?. This promise is taken from the Greek doctor Hypocrites who lived a huge number of years back. The ?Hippocratic Oath? forces on two obligations: to drag out life, and calm torment. The issues come about on the grounds that these two obligations are frequently in struggle. The inquiry more often than not is to choose when prol... ...y four hours per day, and I knew my ailment was hopeless, I would most likely need to stop that misery. I would not need my family and friends and family around observe me endure. Additionally, I would need to kick the bucket with however much poise as could reasonably be expected. In any case, of course, I am not in that circumstance, so I am not positive that is the thing that I would need to do, you simply need to be in the circumstance to settle on the most ideal choice. List of sources: 1. Friedman,Emily. Morals Issues For Health Care Professionals. Baskerville: American Hospital Publishing, 1986. 2. Maguire,Daniel. Demise By Choice. Nursery City: Doubleday and Company,1984. 3. Reich,Warren. Personal satisfaction. New York: Paulist Press, 1990. 4. Brody,Baruch. Life And Death Decision Making. New York: Oxford University Press,1988. 5. Chapman,Carleton. Physicians,Law,& Ethics. New York: New York University Press,1984.

Sacred Space

Sacred Space After a busy CPW weekend, I was driving home on the Mass Pike basking in the long awaited spring sun streaming through the windshield and heating up the front seat of my compact car. I was drinking an ice coffee and listening to one of my favorite programs on public radio and the guest was Sherry Turkle who directs the MIT Initiative on Technology and Self. I was engrossed listening to Ms. Turkle as she described the need for all of us in this technological age to occasionally turn off our phones and unplug our Ipods at key moments in the day to fully engage in what she described as “sacred space.’ But what was so interesting about her message was that she wasn”t saying our personal use of technology is a bad thing, and she wasn”t saying that we can”t fully use and enjoy our electronic devices, but instead she was wondering how we might use these tools in better ways in the future. The message was: how can we even begin to ask the questions and reflect on our use of technology, if we never give ourselves enough time away from work, from checking our email, answering our phones, and listening to our music, to just think? We might think up something wonderful. And it seemed to me that this sentiment was not all that different from something I heard Dr Neri Oxman say during the Featured Speakers panel on Friday of CPW. Her message to the audience of MIT admitted students was that they were not just here to solve “particular problems’ but to develop a new vision for the act of problem solving itself. In my mind, the possibility of “developing a new vision’ in this way could be severely hampered if one is constantly in the act of doing, of solving, of working, and of being busy. It was especially gratifying to me to turn on this radio program in my car and have this sunny spot of time to myself to reflect, because I had just made the decision to drive back home only to head into Boston again a few hours later for a play at the Cutler Majestic Theater. The original plan was for me to stay at work all day and for my teens to meet me back at the theater for 7pm. It was a good logistical plan in my head, given all the driving back and forth that I had just done over four days. But now on Sunday, after getting to a stopping point on a project at noon, I decided what I needed most was to shut off the computer and to make time for the “sacred space’ of the car ride with my kids before the play. Turned out to be a brilliant move for me (ok lets forget about the gas tank for a minute) but my teens hadn”t seen me for four days in a row and I knew that they would have things to tell me about their life. I knew they would want to connect with me before the play and an hour drive in close confinement would mean we”d actually have a great conversation. Wonderful, surprising, and transformative things can happen during these moments of being present in a space where you can relax and talk and just be with others that you care about. For me, this was the inside of my Toyota packed with my kids and family on yet my 10th trip on the Mass Pike in a matter of days. And while I was driving, I was also reminded of another one of my favorite moments from CPW in the Rainbow Lounge the morning before, where I relaxed in a comfortable, cheerful space with others from the LGBT community and ate pancakes and bacon, listening to Bob Marley playing in the background. I had a conversation with two parents that morning who told me how at home their daughter felt here at MIT and the lounge was just one of the many reasons. At a time when other universities are replacing their dedicated LGBT groups in favor of a larger more impersonal Office of Diversity and still others leave the LGBT organizing solely up to students alone, MIT has a great space to hang out in, or join others for a community dinner on a Tuesday night. And it is staffed by paid employees, volunteers, and a faculty support staff. It”s a real “sacred space’ in every sense of the word. Post Tagged #LGBTQ+

Entrepreneurship And Small Business Management & Marketing - 275 Words

Entrepreneurship And Small Business Management & Marketing (Essay Sample) Content: Entrepreneurship and small business managementSecond Semester 2015 2016Student nameStudent IDDatePurpose of Business Plan and its elementsA business plan is generally a plan that is developed to provide details of the organization. A business plan is something which leads to the establishment and success of the company. Many examples from all around the world can be taken of successful organizations whose reason of success was its business plan. An entrepreneur mostly look for the business plan before starting up any business. A good business plan leads the organization to the peak of the market, whereas a weak business plan not only occurs as an extra expenditure for the company but also plays its role in breakdown of the company.A good business plan is considered as the one which includes all the core elements of a business plan and keep their focus on each element, individually. The elements of the business plan decides whether the company is going to be a hit or is going to be dropped out of the market. Each component of a business plan, thus is much important and demands full attention. The components of the business plan involves the summary of the business, financial analysis, market analysis, overview of company, structure of company, investment and funding and the management of the company (Blackwell, 2008).The important thing here is that the business plan can be made on the basis of a business concept. The concept of business plan includes minute details about the business such as the purpose of the business, its need, scope, target audience, goals and objectives, marketing strategies, business strategies, financial details about the business and every other information regarding the business. The summary of the business is the first task of a business plan which provides quick analysis of overall business within few lines (McKeever, 2002). The other person gets the idea of the business without much wasting his time in going for the full analysis of the business plan. The summary of business plan is always preferred by the business owners and investors. The market analysis and financial analysis also carries much importance in the business plan. The market analysis enables the entrepreneur to know about the situation of the market and the choice of the people. It also ensures a competitive advantage of the market. The entrepreneurs hunt for the market where the product which is their business plan does not exist. The financial analysis shows that how much company can be successful or can progress or is it small or large scale organization (Bragon, 2016).The purpose of business plan is to present the full picture of the business in a concise way that can attract the investors and can show the information of the business. It is also used in the expansion of the business. The company also utilizes the business plan for knowing their financial details and also for making improvements in the business.Nelson preferre d Business plan and Industry AnalysisThe industry analysis keeps a track of the industry and its changing trends. Moreover, it shows the necessary information which an entrepreneur can utilize in his business such as the product which is not available in the market, strategies that can be made for the success of the business. The industry analysis gives the complete details about the particular industry and enables a path that can be followed to gain a good position in the market. The business plan on the other hand is developed for the purpose of analyzing the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the organizations. The business plan helps the organization in achieving the aims and in making their place in the industry. The business plan also suggest the changes and the policies and procedures that organization can follow in enhancing their business. The business plan and industry analysis work side by side and adds up to the success of the business.Nelson made the sa me changes and adopted different strategies after joining Kazoo. The company was facing difficulties previously and they were not having sufficient plans which can turn the position of the company. Nelson was having background in marketing in the other industry but she was a good observe and a great strategist. She acknowledged the need of a business plan in Kazoo which they were missing. The company was not having clear goals for the working and operating its functions. Nelson found the need of the business plan in the company. She was new in this industry and did not know about the factors of this industry. Hence, the industry analysis gave her a complete view of the toy market and she came to know about the want of the market.Nelson found that the innovation f...

Defining Heroes Throughout The Hobbit, Of Mice And Men And...

Defining a Hero: â€Å"A hero is a person who, in the face of danger and adversity or from a position of weakness, displays courage or self-sacrifice for some greater good.† As one reflects on the basic definition of heroes and the idea of heroism, this basic thought may be used. However, one could consider that there is no one universal definition for what a certain person may believe to be heroic. Looking at different people or characters and their lives, there are various defining aspects that make him or her a hero. Specifically examining the heroes throughout The Hobbit, Of Mice and Men, and I Am Malala; one can see how the characters have different characteristics that may make him or her a hero. To really characterize a hero, some traits that are necessary would be bravery and selflessness. A hero is someone who willingly fights for a cause or the greater good that may not directly affect them yet works to a better situation. A hero also can take on the form of a mythic al character. The Hobbit introduces various characters as they go on an adventure to find some lost treasure. In this novel, Tolkien introduces his readers to several characters ranging from hobbits and dwarves to elves, wizards, and goblins. Bilbo Baggins, a hobbit, can be conveyed as a hero for his bold choice to go on the trip in order to help Thorin, a dwarf, regain ownership of his family’s inheritance. As Bilbo and the dwarves travel on the journey to the Mountain for the treasure, many hardships

Hemingways Personal Life and its Influence on his Short...

Hemingways Personal Life and its Influence on his Short Story Hills Like White Elephants Hills like White Elephants is not the normal story where you have a beginning, middle and end. Hemingway gave just enough information so that readers could draw their own conclusions. The entire story encompasses a conversation between two lovers and leaves the reader with more questions than answers. Ernest Hemingway was a brilliant writer. People that study Hemingways works try to gain insight and draw natural conclusions about Hemingway and his life. Hemingway led a difficult life full of martial affairs and misfortune. Some of these experiences have set the foundation for Hemingways greatest works. This essay will analyze the influence†¦show more content†¦The reader can easily view that the couple is merely just passing time. However, several references could lead the reader to believe that the alcohol consumption is a panacea for the couple. In the opening paragraph, the couple is getting off the train. They wanted to get something to drink. The couple could have had a ny beverage to drink but the man suggested they drink beer and then he emphasized big ones. This was an indication that the couple was dealing with something serious. In paragraph 87 when the girl did not want to talk anymore, she then asked if they could have another beer (Stanford 841). It is human nature to avoid problems, as this couple is doing. Why do people drink? People develop dependencies, to cope with troubles. In relation to Hemingway, he was among the many literary writers who were alcoholics. He even said, That all good writers are drinking writers (Benedictus). Looking at the circumstances when Hemingway wrote the story, he was very depressed. He became so emotionally depressed he vowed to kill himself by Christmas if his love affair had not settled (Baker 176). He faced guilt for divorcing Hadley. He also faced criticism and rejection from his parents. They did not grant approval to his literary works. Hemingways mother had even referred to one of his works as, One o f the filthiest books of theShow MoreRelatedHills Like White Elephants : A Critical Analysis1708 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Hills Like White Elephants†: A Critical Analysis Introduction: One of the many themes in his stories for which Ernest Heming way is known, includes feminism. At Hemingway’s time feminism was known as a famous movement and it affected many important writers like Octavia Butler and Virginia Woolf. Hemingway was a literary icon of his time and he was influenced by the political, social and human rights movements of his time. He was also touched by the hopelessness of women and how their thinkingRead MoreHills Like White Elephants, by Ernest Hemingway Essay1461 Words   |  6 Pagesfoundation of trust between a man and woman. In Ernest Hemingway’s â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† we learn about the communication breakdown, between a woman named Jig and her companion who is an American man. They must make a decision that will affect both of their lives, and potentially end their relationship. The setting of the story represents Jig and her relationship with her American companion. â€Å"The hills across the valley of the Ebro were long and white. On this side there was no shade and no treesRead MoreThe Lost Generation By Ernest Hemingway1922 Words   |  8 Pageswriters known to use his life experiences as a plot to his fictional work. With the many different women he had in his life he was able to use his experiences with them and create simplicity masterpieces. Hemingway’s â€Å"Hills like White Elephants† was one of many short stories that amplified the lost generation living styles in a very simple writing style. Ernest Hemingway was born in 1899, in Oak Park, Illinois. Hemingway’s father (who eventually committed suicide) was a physician, his mother was a musicianRead MoreHills Like White Elephants996 Words   |  4 PagesErnest Hemingway’s short story â€Å"Hills like White Elephants† discusses the decision one girl must make and the consequences which accompany her choice. A â€Å"white elephant† is a valuable possession which its owner cannot dispose of but whose cost (particularly cost of upkeep) exceeds its usefulness. The â€Å"white elephant† in Hemingway’s story is the unnamed situation and the choice which Jig, the protagonist, must make. This drama takes place in Spain in the 1920’s, during which time the majority ofRead MoreANALIZ TEXT INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS28843 Words   |  116 Pagescommentary in which the reader explains what the text reveals under close examination. Any literary work is unique. It is created by the author in accordance with his vision and is permeated with his idea of the world. The reader’s interpretation is also highly individual and depends to a great extent on his knowledge and personal experience. That’s why one cannot lay down a fixed â€Å"model† for a piece of critical appreciation. Nevertheless, one can give information and suggestions that may prove

Biography of Queen Elizabeth I, Englands Virgin Queen

Queen Elizabeth I of England (Elizabeth Tudor; September 7, 1533–March 24, 1603) was one of the most influential English monarchs and the last Tudor ruler. Her reign was marked by immense growth for England, especially in world power and cultural influence. Fast Facts: Elizabeth ! Early Years On September 7, 1533, Anne Boleyn, then Queen of England, gave birth to the Princess Elizabeth. She was baptized three days later and was named after her paternal grandmother, Elizabeth of York. The princesss arrival was a bitter disappointment, as her parents had been certain that she would be a boy, the son Henry VIII so desperately wanted and had married Anne to have. Elizabeth rarely saw her mother and before she was three, Anne Boleyn was executed on trumped up charges of adultery and treason. Elizabeth was then declared illegitimate, as her half-sister, Mary, had been, and reduced to the title of Lady instead of Princess. Despite this, Elizabeth was educated by some of the most esteemed educators of the time, including William Grindal and Roger Ascham. By the time she had reached her teens, Elizabeth knew Latin, Greek, French, and Italian. She was also a talented musician, able to play the spinet and lute, and even composed some music. An act of Parliament in 1543 restored Mary and Elizabeth to the line of succession, though it did not restore their legitimacy. Henry died in 1547 and Edward, his only son, succeeded to the throne. Elizabeth went to live with Henry’s widow, Catherine Parr. When Parr became pregnant in 1548, she sent Elizabeth away to set up her own household, following incidents when her husband, Thomas Seymour, apparently attempted to seduce Elizabeth. After Parr’s death in 1548, Seymour began scheming to achieve more power and secretly plotted to marry Elizabeth. After he was executed for treason, Elizabeth experienced her first brush with scandal and had to endure rigorous investigation. After the scandal passed, Elizabeth spent the rest of her brother’s reign living quietly and respectably,   Succession to the Throne Edward VI attempted to disinherit both his sisters, favoring his cousin Lady Jane Grey for the throne. However, he did so without the backing of Parliament and his will was patently illegal, as well as unpopular. After his death in 1533, Mary succeeded to the throne and Elizabeth joined her triumphant procession.  Unfortunately, Elizabeth soon lost favor with her Catholic sister, likely due to English Protestant seeing her as an alternative to Mary. Because Mary wed her Catholic cousin, Philip II of Spain, Thomas Wyatt (the son of one of Anne Boleyns friends) led a rebellion, which Mary blamed on Elizabeth. She sent Elizabeth to the Tower, where criminals including Elizabeths mother had awaited execution. After two months, nothing could be proven, so Mary released her sister. Mary suffered a false pregnancy in 1555, leaving Elizabeth all but certain to inherit. After Mary’s death in 1558, Elizabeth peacefully inherited the throne. She began her reign with a hope of national unity. Her first act was to appoint William Cecil as her principal secretary, which would prove to be a long and fruitful partnership. Elizabeth decided to follow a path of reform in the church, famously declaring that she would tolerate all but the most radical sects.  Elizabeth demanded only outward obedience, unwilling to force consciences. After a number of Catholic plots against her later in her reign, however, she enacted harsher legislation. Ultimately, her primary concern was always public order, which required religious uniformity to some degree. Instability in religious matters would unsettle political order. The Question of Marriage One question that dogged Elizabeth, particularly in the early part of her reign, was the question of succession. Numerous times, the parliament presented her with official requests that she marry. Most of the English population hoped that marriage would solve the problem of a woman ruling. Women were not believed to be capable of leading forces into battle. Their mental powers were considered to be inferior to men.  Men often gave Elizabeth unsolicited advice, particularly in regards to the will of God, which only men were believed to be able to interpret. Despite the frustration, Elizabeth governed with her head. She knew how to use courtship as a useful political tool, and she wielded it masterfully. Throughout her life, Elizabeth had a variety of suitors and she often used her unmarried status to her advantage. The closest she came to marriage was likely with longtime friend Robert Dudley, but that hope ended when his first wife died mysteriously and Elizabeth had to distance herself from scandal. In the end, she refused to marry and also refused to name a political successor, declaring that she was married to her kingdom alone. Cousins and Queens Elizabeths problems with religion and succession became interconnected in the Mary Queen of Scots affair. Mary Stuart, Elizabeth’s Catholic cousin, was the granddaughter of Henry’s sister and seen by many to be a Catholic heir to the throne. After returning to her homeland in 1562, the two queens had an uneasy but civil relationship. Elizabeth had even offered Robert Dudley to Mary as a husband. In 1568, Mary fled Scotland after her marriage to Lord Darnley ended in murder and suspicious remarriage,  and she begged for Elizabeths help to be restored to power. Elizabeth didn’t want to return Mary to full power in Scotland, but she didn’t want the Scots to execute her either. She kept Mary in confinement for nineteen years, but her presence in England proved to be detrimental to the precarious religious balance within the country, as Catholics used her as a rallying point. Mary was the focus of plots to kill Elizabeth during the 1580s. Although Elizabeth resisted calls to accuse and execute Mary at first, ultimately, she was persuaded by evidence that Mary had been party to the plots, not just an unwilling figurehead. Still, Elizabeth fought against signing the execution warrant until the bitter end, going so far as to encourage private assassination. After the execution, Elizabeth claimed that the warrant was dispatched against her wishes; whether that was true or not is unknown. The execution convinced Philip in Spain that it was time to conquer England and restore Catholicism within the country. Stuart’s execution also meant that he would not have to put an ally of France on the throne. In 1588, he launched the infamous Armada. Elizabeth went to Tilbury Camp to encourage her troops, infamously declaring that though she had â€Å"the body of a weak and feeble woman, I have the heart and stomach of a king, and a king of England too, and think foul scorn that Parma or Spain, or any prince of Europe, should dare invade the borders of my realm†¦Ã¢â‚¬ Ã‚  In the end, England defeated the Armada and Elizabeth was victorious. This would prove to be the climax of her reign: only a year later, the same Armada all but destroyed the English navy. Later Years The last fifteen years of her reign were the hardest on Elizabeth, as  her most trusted advisers died and younger courtiers struggled for power. Most infamously, a former favorite, the Earl of Essex, led a poorly-plotted rebellion against the queen in 1601. It failed miserably and he was executed. Towards the end of her reign, England experienced a blossoming literary culture. Edward Spenser and William Shakespeare were both supported by the queen and likely drew inspiration from their regal leader. Architecture, music, and painting also experienced a boom in popularity and innovation. Elizabeth held her final Parliament in 1601. In 1602 and 1603, she lost several dear friends, including her cousin Lady Knollys (granddaughter of Elizabeths aunt Mary Boleyn). Elizabeth died on March 24, 1603 and was buried in Westminster Abbey in the same tomb as her sister Mary. She had never named an heir, but her cousin James VI, the son of Mary Stuart, succeeded to the throne and was likely her preferred successor. Legacy Elizabeth has been remembered more for her successes than her failures and as a monarch that loved her people and was much loved in return. Elizabeth was always revered and seen as almost divine. Her unmarried status often led to comparisons of Elizabeth with Diana, the Virgin Mary, and even a Vestal Virgin. Elizabeth went out of her way to cultivate a wider public. In the early years of her reign, she often went out to the country on annual visits to aristocratic houses, showing herself to most of the public along the road in the country and townsfolk of southern England. In poetry, she has been celebrated as an English embodiment of feminine strength associated with such mythic heroines as Judith, Esther, Diana, Astraea, Gloriana, and Minerva. In her personal writings, she showed  wit and intelligence. Throughout her reign, she proved to be a capable politician and  reigned for almost half a century, always surmounting whatever challenges stood in her way. Keenly aware of the increased burdens due to her gender, Elizabeth managed to construct a complex personality that awed and charmed her subjects. She impresses people even today and her name has become synonymous with strong women. Elizabeth I Fast Facts Known For:  Elizabeth was the queen of England and accomplished many things during her reign (1558-1603), including defeating the Spanish Armada and encouraging cultural growth.Born:  September 7, 1533 in Greenwich, EnglandDied:  March 24, 1603 in Richmond, EnglandOccupation:  Queen regnant of England and Ireland Sources Collinson, Patrick. Elizabeth I. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press, 2004.  Dewald, Jonathan, and Wallace MacCaffrey. Elizabeth I (England). Europe 1450 to 1789: Encyclopedia of the Early Modern World. New York: Charles Scribners Sons, 2004.  Kinney, Arthur F., David W. Swain, and Carol Levin. Elizabeth I. Tudor England: an encyclopedia. New York: Garland, 2001.  Gilbert, Sandra M., and Susan Gubar. Queen Elizabeth I. The Norton Anthology of Literature by Women: The Traditions in English. 3. ed. New York: Norton, 2007.

The Way We Treat Others Who Are Different Essay - 1656 Words

The Way We Treat Others Who Are Different Diversity is all around us even though most of us do not think about it. Our country is made up of many different cultures. We each choose the amount of diversity that we accept into our daily lives. Some people embrace a diverse life while others are content to associate with people who are more like themselves. The reason for our lack of diversity may be as simple as, we have not been given the opportunity to include it in our lives. If we live and work in a small community, it may lack diversity. Whether people lead a diverse life is not the problem, the real issue is how we treat others that are different than ourselves. One of the ways we see people treat each other different is based on his or her race. Racism is when people of one racial group think or act as if they are superior to another group of people. It can be seen in the actions of people and how they treat others who are from different racial backgrounds. They often treat them as if they are inferior. People often think of racism as â€Å"white people† against â€Å"colored people†, but in reality it is much more complex. Racism occurs among all different races and cannot be narrowed down to one particular group of people. When there is racism, it may cause problems within a family; for instance, if someone marries outside of their race or if one family member adopts a child of a different race. Consequently, they may find that their spouse or child is not accepted into theShow MoreRelatedMental Disability And The Mentally Handicapped926 Words   |  4 PagesIf you meet a mentally handicapped person you may wonder what they are doing or why they look different, but I will tell you a few answers. Pivalizza and Lalani write that â€Å"Intellectual disability (ID) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by deficits in intellectual and adaptive functioning that present before 18 years of age [1]. ID is heterogeneous in etiology and enc ompasses a broad spectrum of functioning, disability, needs, and strengths.† Mentally handicapped people would fit in theRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Anxiety1008 Words   |  5 Pagesthings we need to take into consideration when thinking about everyday life. Anxiety has become a generalized factor of life and many people suffer from it everyday. Yes, everyone knows what it s like to feel anxious but not like those with anxiety. Different types of anxiety have different types symptoms and causes. Even though every anxiety is different they are all controlled by one thing--you. Anxiety comes in many forms you have many different anxieties. There are exactly 5 different typesRead MoreEnglish Speech Of Animal Cruelty : Animal Speech1102 Words   |  5 PagesEnglish Speech-Animal Cruelty A famous quote by Gandhi reads, ‘The greatness of a nation and its moral progress can be judged by the way its animals are treated.’ Over 115 million animals including mice, dogs, cats, rabbits, monkeys and many others are killed in testing laboratory’s each year. Millions of animals die of neglect each year. 322 animals have become extinct in the past 500 because of humans. What does this have to say about our society? My name is Cambria Hunt and I am here to open yourRead MoreEssay On Hospitality In The Odyssey920 Words   |  4 Pagesmost we do is let guest in to sit and offer maybe food and water. In the Odyssey Homer shows in Greek culture that hospitality is very important several times in the text and should treat everyone as royalty. Odysseus crashes into a random island with strangers and like a good host they take care of him. Nausicaa finds Odysseus by shore naked. She doesnt know the man, hears his story and offers to take care of him. For example, it says â€Å"But here’s an unlucky wanderer strayed our way and we mustRead MoreRacism : A Diverse Life Essay959 Words   |  4 PagesWe live in a country where diversity is all around us. We choose if we accept diversity in our lives. Some people embrace a diverse life while others want to only associate with people who are like themselves. Whether people lead a diverse life is not the problem, the real issue is how we treat those that are different from ourselves. Racism is when a person of one race thinks and acts as if they are superior to another person based on their racial differences. In mild cases, they may decide toRead MoreEssay about Controlled Assessment of Love Relationships1291 Words   |  6 PagesControlled Assessment We see many themes presented in the literatures I will be writing about in this essay. However, the themes we see in Romeo and Juliet, The Sun Rising and To His Coy Mistress are mainly similar. The main themes in these three pieces of literature that are similar are the way women are treated by men, marriage and love. These three pieces of literature all explore love or falling in love. However, in all three of these literatures, there is something that obstructs eitherRead MoreMorality, We Should Be Impartial Essay1474 Words   |  6 Pagesthat when it comes to morality, we should be impartial. And yet almost everyone thinks it is appropriate to treat certain people, like those who are near and dear to them, in a special sort of way. For example, while having food and clothing is clearly a good, it seems that I have a special obligation to my own children over the children of strangers to make sure that they have food and clothing. So we have two moral claims: Impartiality: When it comes to morality, we should be impartial. Partiality:Read MoreWhat Is the Impact of the Male Characters Treatment of Women Towards a Western Female Audience?1528 Words   |  7 Pages In the novels â€Å"Scarlet Song† by Mariama Ba and â€Å"The Waiting Years† by Fumiko Enchi we as readers are able to experience the way in which the male characters’ treat the female characters of the novel. Women in present time are able to sympathize with these women because the way in which the men treat them leaves a very strong and negative impression and ambiance. It is true that different women may have different reactions toward how the women are treated depending on their cultures; however I believeRead MoreStone Soup By Barbara Kingsolver1687 Words   |  7 PagesThe way we treat others Barbara Kingsolver wrote â€Å"Stone Soup† â€Å"which is taken from High Tide in Tucson: Essays for Now or Never, published in 1995†. Some views she conveys in her essay are these. Kingsolver explains that not all men are the prince that you fall in love with a â€Å"live happily ever after,† he may be very feminine and be more like a princess. On the other hand, you may have looked in your box of crayons. You pick out a color that your parents may not approve, even though you seeRead MoreAnxiety, Depression, And Medications1595 Words   |  7 Pagesall things we need to take into consideration when thinking about everyday life. Anxiety has become a generalized factor of life and many people suffer from it everyday. Yes, everyone knows what it s like to feel anxious but not like those with anxiety. Different types of anxiety have different types symptoms and causes. Even though every anxiety is different they are all controlled by one thing--you. (National Institute Mental Health) Anxiety comes in many forms you have many different anxieties

Who’s Responsible for Obesity Free Essays

Obesity is everybody’s responsibility – the parents and the school authorities, the fast food companies, and the government. Since the issue is now a societal problem after reaching epidemic proportions, it deserves no less than the attention of everybody to deal with obesity. (Raley Burnor, n. We will write a custom essay sample on Who’s Responsible for Obesity? or any similar topic only for you Order Now d.) Hence, it is only proper to point out the individual accountabilities of these sectors of society and compel them to do their share in combating the problem. While the responsibility of providing a healthy diet to children primarily belongs to the parents, school authorities are also duty-bound to inculcate into the minds of schoolchildren the correct values of nutrition. Such are the duties assigned them by society: the former being the persons who have the obligation, under the laws of God and country, of nourishing their offsprings, the latter being the individuals who are in the best position to influence the young minds of children. If only the parents and the teachers have been doing their duties faithfully, fast food outlets would not have succeeded in causing obesity. Even as fast foods companies have the right to advertise their products, such right does not free them of their moral obligation to warn the public about the adverse effects of their foods. The U.S. constitution itself would only allow the exercise of one’s rights as long as doing so does not deprive others of their own rights. In this context, fast foods companies are within their right to engage in gainful enterprise but they should not do so at the expense of the public’s health. Even if the court exempted them from any legal liability after observing that everybody knows that fast foods contain â€Å"high levels of cholesterol, fat, salt and sugar, and that such attributes are bad for one,† the court’s legal opinion is not a moral judgment. The harmful effects of cigarettes are also well-known, but the law compels cigarette manufacturers to continuously warn the public. Why not oblige fast foods companies to do the same? (Raley Burnor, n.d.) Reference Raley, Y. Burnor, R. (n.d.). Case 1: Who’s Responsible for Obesity? (Article provided with    How to cite Who’s Responsible for Obesity?, Papers

Eight Steps toward Integrity free essay sample

I feel a team would help Dalman accomplish his goals in having more time with the business. Dalman spends all his time with Lei to try and keep the business up and running along with the franchise that he does not have time to do everything. This is why a self-managed team will help them both run the business. By using a team Dalman can allow his team to work on many projects to digitally enhance and help make his company perform better. The team can also oversee, while helping building different franchises. While hiring a team Dalman and Lie can allow them to devote their time to the business more. The team can help with training managers. The team can also oversee financial matter along with other business issues that Dalman and Lei cant Juggle at the moment. Dalman can also use Project and Development teams to help work on long term projects in the company but use them to disband when they have reached their goal. We will write a custom essay sample on Eight Steps toward Integrity or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Dalman and Lei can also use something called Parallel Teams. Parallel Teams teams can work from inside the structure to help build projects and help them move along because they could be a form of managers from inside the organization to help with there, financial issues or other issues they may be struggling to complete while having too much other stuff to andle in the organization. By using these forms of teams Dalman and Lei can use more time to help devote to the development and structural growth of their business. Dalman and Lei when they do not have time to head overseas to oversee the franchise growth of Sandwich Blitz they can use Virtual Teams to communicate electronically instead of face to face that way they dont have to stop what they are doing and leave the country to have a meeting, when in fact they can set up a manager meeting and see them virtually face to face by web cam online. This also means that they now have Transnational Teams that spread to multiple countries.

Why Is Visual Literacy Important free essay sample

In our text and through Brian Kennedy and the video Visual Literacy: Why we need It! the definition of Visual Literacy Is revealed. We also realize that It Is a language that such as music It Is universal as we as people can interpret and see what the message of the Image Is all about. Brian Kennedy defined Visual Literacy as: The ability to construct meaning from Images (Kennedy, 2010). We see an Image and we can create a meaning In regards of that image and we can tell ourselves or others what the image is all about. We will write a custom essay sample on Why Is Visual Literacy Important or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In our textbook visual literacy involves the competent creation and consumption of visual messages. These activities require not only the physical ability of sight but the cognitive abilities of attention, perception, critical thinking, evaluation, and synthesis with other sensory information and experiences (Ryan, 2012). Therefore what we see is that in our textbook that Visual Literacy is the creation and consumption of images that need to be seen and that a person basically needs to have the ability to define, evaluate and feel what the image is all about.Kennedys definition is straight and simple to develop a meaning from the Image. We do need the cognitive ability to think and evaluate In order to define what the Image Is and what it represents. As In regards of what Visual Literacy means to me Is the way we can define and Interpret what an image is and the message it is providing to the viewer. When we look at Visual Literacy we can truly say it is a universal language. We can say it is because we can see what the image is and what it is trying to tell us. It is communicating to us in silent form, but we are the ones that give it a voice or a text.An image is something that we see and image is something that can be imagined and we can see what it means to us and what it represents to every one of us. Just like music in where we can hear a melody or what the singer is saying to the audience we can define what it means, we can do the same with an image. Visual Literacy can impact communication and global understanding through allowing us the viewer to see what is going on, to see what the place or the word represents. We can see and feel what he Image Is displaying to us and what It represents.We can all have different definitions or meanings to what the Image means to us because we all think differently. One thing is that the image provided an impact to every single one of us. Will allow many others of different nationalities and beliefs to see what the image is representing. Visual Literacy is a universal language that allows us to provide a meaning or that it gives a meaning to the subject in a silent form. Visual Literacy is something that allows us to look at something in this case an image such as a hotplate and us as the viewer can define what it means.

Sample Psychology Essay - How to Write an Excellent Sample

Sample Psychology Essay - How to Write an Excellent SampleOne of the key concepts in sample psychology essay is that of the format. You should always use the essay format in your own needs and preferences. However, you can find a lot of examples on how to use the format and incorporate it to your own requirements. And remember to make your own format and not use it as an example.The first and the best example is the famous 'good example' in such events. Do you remember how you always want to have an 'experience' with your friends and workmates? You can create your own experience through writing an 'experience' or a short term assignment for yourself. Do you remember how you would write your little sister's letter when she was ill? You could do the same thing by creating a short term assignment for yourself.In this case you can start by writing your term papers and short term assignments while working from home. After a week or two, you can send it to the professor. Just make sure tha t you carefully choose the appropriate paper format.The second sample for sample essay is from the short term assignments that you received from your professor. What if you have a long term assignment from the professor? How you will be able to compose your own sample psychology essay?In this case, you can start by picking a professor that you like to study with. That way you will get all the experiences together with your professor. Then, you can also ask your professor if he/she will let you join his or her 'Reading' group. If so, you can ask them if they are interested in sharing their experiences with you.In the second example, you can also try to gather all your letters from your schoolmates and colleagues. Take a copy each of the letter and put them in a file or you can also save some of them. After few years, you can easily locate the letters that you found on the Internet.Finally, remember that a sample is a basic and a very essential concept. Before writing any sample, you should first know about the grammar and the usage of the sample. Don't forget to check the samples to check whether it fits your needs. Then, start writing a good sample psychology essay.

HMV an E-marketing Perspective Essay Example

HMV an E-marketing Perspective Essay For this report we will be analyzing the original HMV music store on 363 Oxford Street, London, and how integrating or enhancing their e-marketing strategies could benefit their store. As previously mentioned, this was the first HMV music store to open, and was set up in 1921. At that time, the store did not focus on the music and film genre, but rather on a variety of HMV branded goods. It was conservative in the sense that business transactions were done on a one to one basis, and those residing outside of London could only purchase HMV products from exclusive appointed dealers [5]. Like today, many customers were able to open accounts within the store. Purpose Currently, HMV has the following marketing objectives [1]: Generate store traffic and encourage the purchase of other products, other than CDs, along with increasing album purchases. We will write a custom essay sample on HMV an E-marketing Perspective specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on HMV an E-marketing Perspective specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on HMV an E-marketing Perspective specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Increase positive perception among its customers. Predict and satisfy their customers needs. Analyze market trends traditionally as well as on the net. According to the 2003 Annual Report [4], their key strategies have been to: Optimize store portfolio. Achieve superior financial performance. Exploit new product opportunities. Secure leadership in chosen markets. HMV has a website in which it is possible to buy CDs, DVDS or video games, also sold in-store. Unfortunately, this only satisfies some consumers needs. The advantages provided to customers by this are that they do not actually have to leave their home to make a purchase, and it is less tedious to search for desired items. On the other hand, the prices for CDs and DVDs on the current site are either the same price or sometimes even more expensive than in the store, on top of which additional fees are imposed for shipping. For this reason, online transactions may turn out more expensive to the buyer. This implies that their current method is only targeting certain audiences. With the increase of internet competition, and the ability to purchase used CDs on an alternative site for cheaper prices (such as Ebay), or even download songs illegally for free, it is possible that many customers will refrain from paying full price for products offered on the HMV website or stores. Proposition Although HMV is already using e-marketing as part of their marketing activities, there is still room for new strategies to be implemented. With the adoption of new forms of e-marketing, HMV on Oxford Street would be more up to date with the changing market and therefore increase their sales and attract more customers. The specific marketing objectives recommended for 363 Oxford Street are to: Target new customer audiences (ie. people who only buy items on promotion, people who cannot afford to buy CDs or DVDs at regular price, and people who are loyal to their artists and still want original CDs rather than burned copies). Improve profitability brought by their video games. Encourage customer loyalty. Be the leading HMV store (in customer flow) by having the best communication with their customers. The idea proposed is to develop a personalized website, directly linked to the Oxford store, rather than all HMV stores. The strategies recommended to be used within the new site to achieve each of the recommended objectives, respectively, are to: Establish an infrastructure for customers to buy sell second-hand products through the site. Provide opportunities to try out new video games in the store hold monthly tournaments between customers. Offer coupons for in-store products on the site. Distribute weekly newsletters to registered customers who wish to be notified of upcoming events, sales, etc. Recommendation for Action In order for these strategies to be carried out, a website should be specifically created for the Oxford Street store. The website should initially be advertised promoted in the store, and by other means to notify people of its existence and getting them interested in visiting. Visitors of the site will then have the option to register onto the site, to become members and be able to take full advantage of all benefits provided by it. This site should carry the HMV brand name along with an extra word to differentiate it from other HMV sites, but continue to have the benefit of the well known brand that provides customers with a feeling of good quality and service. The website is to advertise promotions taking place in the Oxford Street store, in addition to the other incentives to visit the store. The infrastructure created to buy and sell second hand products will allow consumers with used CDs or DVDs which they are bored of and want to get rid of, to either sell or exchange the product with other consumers in the same situation who wish to swap. In this way, customers who are loyal to their artists and still like to have original CDs, but cannot afford to pay high prices, are able to obtain them at a low price. Although this will mostly be a customer to customer relationship, HMV could take part in each transaction by automatically adding a small amount to the price set by the seller, such as 50 pence, which would be paid to HMV for allowing the transaction on their site. With that money, the buyer could also be benefiting indirectly by having a certain amount, such as 10 HMV points added to their account. After accumulating a certain amount, such as 50 or 100 points, the points will then have to be redeemed in-store (Oxford Street) for discounts on products or freebies. In this way, different types of customers will be targeted that were not targeted before, and more customers will be attracted into the store. This move towards cheap trading of music and films is very important since, through evolving technology, it is now so easy to burn music or films and distribute them between friends [6]. The site can also include special video game related features to attract even more customers and increase in-store sales of video games. This can be carried out by allowing site members to try out new video game arrivals and encourage people to buy them. Customers will only be allowed to play for 10 minutes at a time, establishing that it is only a trial and if they wish to pass to other levels or play longer they must go to the store and buy the game. The website can also allow members to play random video games (sold in-store) against each other, to promote the games, and perhaps even hold monthly tournaments online. The finals can be held in-store and the winner may receive either a free game or a gift certificate for that particular store. The advantage to this is that by having promoted the games and getting people in the store, even those that do not win will probably end up buying something in the store, beginning with the game they played, if they liked it, and they will prob ably continue to go to that store. Therefore, profitability of video game sales may be increased, as well as customer loyalty. Another strategy proposed is offering in-store coupons on the site. Customers are to print out the coupons and use them at the Oxford Street store only. This strategy will increase both the amount of people going to the store and visiting the site. People will visit the site more often to check out the new deals being promoted and those deals will encourage customers to visit the store. This will attract a new customer audience, those that will not purchase an item unless it is on promotion. It will also encourage customer loyalty, since the coupons may only be redeemed at the Oxford Street store, so customers will go to that particular store rather than other HMV stores. The best way to be in touch with customers through e-marketing is by sending weekly newsletters. Upon registration on to the site, members will have the option of receiving a newsletter every week updating them on upcoming events. Customers may pick from a menu which events or promotions they would be interested in and be notified via email of the ones they chose. These events may include celebrity appearances in-store for autographs, final round of video-game tournaments to be carried out in-store, new releases of CDs, DVDs, video games, accessories, and hints on hot new coupons featured on the site, which they would have to enter the site to access and print. This would help promote both the store and the website and would further increase customer loyalty in the Oxford Street store, giving them a great advantage over other retailers, including other HMV stores. Tracking There are several ways in which progress can be tracked. One minor way would be by including a number of hits feature on the site to see how many people are visiting it. The number of people that register onto the site can also be counted. Members of the site could fill out a profile upon registration to keep a record of the type of audience that is being attracted by this strategy (such as demographics). In-store sales could be compared to previous years to see if the website has helped them through advertising their products and promotions. A quantitative approach may be to track the number of coupon redemptions in the store to see how efficient that particular strategy is. A survey could also be conducted either within the store or online to find out if the website has had an impact on customers, and how it has affected their spending habits at HMV Oxford Street (whether they are spending more or less on average). Tracking progress will help the Oxford Street store conclude whethe r more customers have been attracted into their store through the website, and if this has affected their in-store sales. Critical Success Factors In order for this integration to succeed in reaching its objectives, the following CSFs must be met by either the Oxford Street store, the new website, or both: Both the store and the website must always be up to date with new technologies trends (such as creating personalized CDs in-store). The website must take up the HMV brand name to absorb the image of the company and therefore have an immediate customer base (as HMV already has brand awareness and loyalty). The quality of the website must be good to live up to HMV standards and really keep customers happy. An example of a good quality the website should have is ease to search for a desired product, which may be achieved through potential sellers categorizing their products. Stock levels must be met within the store. If the store has more stock than it can sell it will cut the companys profit margins. If the companys stock levels are too low, it will not meet customer demands, and their customers will go elsewhere. Management staff should be well trained and always aware of everything going on in the site. This way they will be prepared to answer any question(s) a customer might have regarding coupons, promotions, tournaments, appearances, etc. Conclusion In conclusion, it is essential for companies to always stay in touch with customers needs. On the same level, it is also important for companies to constantly research and analyze the market to keep up to date with new technologies and innovations. Otherwise, it is quite unlikely for a company to succeed. Fortunately, HMV has always proved to be pretty good at this and this is no time to stop. In the case of the music industry, with the new technology providing so much internet competition, it is imperative that all music companies take the future of digital music seriously [10]. This is why HMV has begun to make the move in an attempt to retain market share and keep from internet delivery of music stealing their revenue. As a customer-focused company, HMV seeks to provide what consumers want, while keeping in view new technology. Developing new ways to reach consumers is what has made HMV Group the powerful retailer it is today. To support this, David Cameron, e-commerce systems manager of HMV Group plc, says If youre going to be a successful e-business, integrating your back-end systems with your front-end database is essential [5].

How to Write an Analytical Essay on Romeo and Juliet

How to Write an Analytical Essay on Romeo and Juliet Romeo and Juliet Features of writing about Romeo and Juliet How to start How to create an outline How to write a thesis for an essay on Romeo and Juliet How to write an introduction Tips on introduction and thesis writing How to write body paragraphs Tips on body writing How to conclude Tips on conclusion writing Tips on revision Analytical essay sample (Romeo and Juliet) Features of writing about Romeo and Juliet Writing about Romeo and Juliet allows one to discuss cultural diversity. Since you exist in today’s world, expounding on a play composed centuries ago enables you to explore cultural perspectives and assumptions different to yours and learn the historical background of modern culture. Additionally, writing about such characters as Romeo and Juliet enables you to explore the language. Shakespeare’s language utilizes complex syntax, extensive vocabulary and many phrases. Furthermore, you expand your syntactic attention span and vocabulary and can learn via imitation how Shakespeare employs figurative language. How to start Before starting your analytical essay on Romeo and Juliet, state some form of claim or argument about what you are analyzing. Typically, analytical articles focus on how the book or poem was composed, for example, how the utilization of similitude and metaphor brings forth a precise connotation to the anecdote, and how specific topics are depicted in the narrative. Alternatively put, analytical essays require the writer to examine a book or play’s smaller sections and expound them thus developing a bigger picture. For one to begin an analytical paper, thoughts and facts must be reviewed, and from there, connections are linked thus articulating concepts and using events to support it. How to create an outline When writing an outline for this type of paper, specifically an analysis essay outline format must be followed. A written outline is an effective method of arranging your thoughts. An outline breaks down sections of your thesis in a simple, hierarchical manner to aid you in viewing your essay’s overall format. So. below is how an essay’s outline can look like: Sample Outline I. Introduction Sentence capturing your reader’s interest One-two sentence proclamation (Thesis statement) II. Body paragraphs First main idea Second main idea Third main idea III. Conclusion Thesis restatement Insightful sentence closing Third main idea How to write a thesis for an essay on Romeo and Juliet The thesis tells your reader what to expect. It is precisely worded, restricted, and declaratively states your essay’s purpose. A paper lacking a carefully conceived thesis is below par. Here is a thesis statement which is fitting for an analytical essay: â€Å"By not punishing more harshly the early acts of hatred in Romeo and Juliet, an atmosphere welcomes hatred to thrive which ends in demise is formed by the Prince.† Naturally, the thesis statement is typed at the introductory paragraph’s end. How to write an introduction Your analytical essay’s introduction should attempt to enthrall your reader’s interest. To shift immediate focus to your subject, use quotations, brief anecdotes, a provocative question, or a merger of all. Also, consider using background information pertinent to your thesis and necessary for your reader to recognize your stance. Tips on introduction and thesis writing Hook your reader with a captivating first sentence. Begin with an example. Ensure your argument has context. Preview your paper’s structure. Craft a distinctive arguable thesis. Transition into your first paragraph to sum everything up. How to write body paragraphs The term used for the advancement of central ideas in your analytical essay is ‘body paragraph.’ Here, one presents the paragraphs supporting/upholding their thesis statement. A compelling analysis essay contains evidence from the text and explains your ideas. Tips on body writing Begin by typing your key ideas in sentence form. Apply textual evidence (specific details, summary, direct quotations, and paraphrase). Write your supporting points for your chief idea that is, quotations and paraphrases from sources and facts (findings and statistics from conducted studies). Ensure you tie the facts you state back to the paragraph’s main idea (analysis). Your transition from paragraph to paragraph should be fluid. Explain your argument’s importance. How to conclude Your analytical essay needs a concluding paragraph which gives your writing a sense of completeness along with alerting the reader your essay is concluding. Your finishing paragraph might summarize your paper’s key points; reaffirms the thesis in other terms, or make relevant comments regarding the analytical essay, but from a different perspective. Here is the illustration, â€Å"This feud ends tragically for Juliet and Romeo. The events contrast revenge and hatred with love and secret nuptials, forcing the youthful lovers to mature quickly and tragically die in despair. Tips on conclusion writing Don’t start a new subject in your conclusion. Make it short. Challenge the reader by posing an inquiry. Synthesize, do not summarize. Don’t repeat things stated in your thesis. Redirect your readers by giving them something to ruminate on. Tips on revision To write a perfect essay, you always need to reread your paper and correct all the mistakes. Keep your format simple. Include clear transitions, citations, and markers. Include support and evidence for main points. Check your grammar and spelling. Ensure the essay’s intent is shown not told. Analytical essay sample The Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet Lord Capulet is at fault partially because he instructed Juliet to slow down and find an individual she loves before getting hitched. So is Friar Laurence due to his hasty decision about secretly conducting the nuptials in the absence of their parents’ knowledge. Romeo and Juliet are blamed since at a youthful age, they secretly got married, without anyone’s knowledge. In the disastrous love story, composed by Shakespeare, Romeo, Friar Laurence, Lord Capulet, and Juliet are all at fault for the killing of Juliet and Romeo because they were rushed into decision making. Lord Capulet, the father of Juliet, was hasty in decision making because he attempted to overwhelm the sadness which came from Tybalts demise with the ‘wonderful’ news of Juliet’s marriage with Paris. Juliet’s father informs Juliet about her nuptials to Paris that coming Thursday and paints a picture of how big a celebration it will be. A day past, Lord Capulet alters the date from that Thursday to that Wednesday. Capulet acted hastily in his decision, so did Friar Laurence. Friar Laurence was the individual who joined Romeo and Juliet in matrimony without either’s families’ knowledge. In the introduction to scene six, â€Å"the two declare their unending love for each other and prepare to seal their marriage by the Friar.† Friar additionally gave Juliet the portion whose aim was making her appear lifeless for â€Å"two and forty hours.† Romeo and Juliet are blamed for their demise. They both acted hastily and got married in their parents’ absence, without their consent. They were around sixteen and thirteen as well. If Romeo would have been present to talk to Juliet, he would have known her plan and would not have killed himself since Juliet was still alive. If Romeo didn’t kill himself, Juliet would not have either. Many people are blamed for the killing of the romantic yet tragic Romeo and Juliet that is, Friar Laurence, Juliet, Romeo, and Lord Capulet. This tragic love story shows us how to love and secret nuptials forced the youthful lovers to mature quickly and dreadfully die in despair.

Qestuions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Qestuions - Assignment Example Births are accompanied by responsibilities that relate to taking care of the new born. Preparation and planning for the arrival of a newborn is a form of inherent stress that is normal for any family. Normal Stress outside the Family. An example of a stress in this category is tax liabilities. Tax liabilities emanate from the external environment of the family as they are regulated and imposed by the external legal systems. Adherence to tax requirements is a compulsory condition that the family has to contend through inclusion of a budget. Any budget deficits or failure to comply causes stress. The compulsory nature of tax remittance makes the stress normal. Abnormal Stress inside the Family. Family violence is a vice. Therefore, it is abnormal for families to experience the events of violence as they are preventable and unnecessary. Family violence subjects the family members to harm and loss as well as undermining of their dignity. Abnormal Stress outside the Body. War is a vice th at is external to a family as it involves conflict among many social units. War may lead to stress related to replacement and loss of property. This form of stress can be averted through promoting harmony in the society. Reaction to Stress Normal Stress Inside The Family Normal Stress Outside The Family -Family planning -Health security -Clear role definition -Saving -National planning -Tax preparedness -Venturing on self employment -Self reliance Abnormal Stress Outside The Family Abnormal Stress Outside The Family -Promoting awareness on the dangers of drug abuse -Legal action against offenders -National planning -Disaster preparedness -International sanctions towards war instigators 2. A good beginning definition of "theory" might be "A theory suggests a model, or representation, of the way things are." With this definition in mind, describe:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A. A good theoretical answer to the Hobbesian Question   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Hobbesian question seeks t o understand how order is possible in a world characterized by competition for scarce resources. Order is possible because every person is dependent and connected to their own social world. Social role play and specialization determine the part to be played by every member of a family; thus avoiding conflict and enhancing the maintenance of order. The nature of the social roles that the families undertake are normally interconnected, and alienated by time and sequence of events. For instance, school goers normally take showers every morning at a certain sequence. The changing social demands force people to change survival tactics while still adhering to social order. Maintenance of social order eliminates any form of disagreements. A. How are family rituals important to the study of family crises? Family rituals refer to the family’s adaptation to the changing social demands. According to John Pardeck, adherence to rituals avoids conflicts as the changes are enacted in refere nce to the stipulated order. Disagreements may occur if the family members do not adhere to the rituals. For instance, the existence of a standard operating procedure enables the success of morning rituals. Rituals help researchers to understand the source of any conflict arising from the

Articles related to Managerial Accounting Essay

Articles related to Managerial Accounting - Essay Example The cumulative cost, therefore, constitutes the job cost charged to the customer. The article successfully illustrates that a job order costing approach is utilized when the job in question is distinctive from other jobs or product batches. Just as learnt in the management accounting class, cost accounting is relatively simple in job order costing. This is because the cost of materials and labor are integrated on one job ticket. Further, other overhead costs are included in the total amount of money charged to a customer. The article clearly distinguishes job costing from process costing, by showing that their difference depends on the product being availed to a customer, hence the kind of production procedure followed. I therefore learned that while process costing involves charging costs incurred in the course of production, job costing involves charging a specific job. I also learned that, cost assignment strategies and record keeping in job order costing, have higher complexity than in process costing. This is especially the case, if there are multiple services or products being provided. Complexity is increased by the fact that different services or products result in different costs. This means that for high efficacy in job costing, a company must maintain detailed cost records for every job or product. Summary: This article recognizes the fact that in any business, there is a possibility of making profits, suffering losses or simply breaking even. The F&B establishment used as an example adopts a strategy of providing high quality soup at a fair price. Â  This means that the variable costs incurred are high because of using ingredients of high quality, yet the selling price stays at an average level. As a result, the contribution margin remains equally average. Therefore, fixed expenses and generate profit, the business compensates low margin with high sales volume. This involves making sure that its outlets are

The Development Of Pretty As An Intensifier English Language Essay

The Development Of Pretty As An Intensifier English Language Essay It is commonly acknowledged that the first thought about the definition of pretty is good-looking as an adjective when it is discussed; nevertheless, when this word is searched with ICE-GB, merely 20 instances are found as an adjective whereas 112 examples are adverbs, the frequency of which is nearly five times higher. This result is similar to the other corpora, such as British National Corpus with the frequency of 55.60 per million words as an adjective while 118.17 per million words as an adverb in the year of 2000. Accordingly, the lexicon pretty is normally used as an adverb rather than an adjective. What increases the adverbial usage of pretty? This essay is going to analyze the progress of the word pretty as an intensifier or a downtowner through the corpus of ICE-GB. First of all, the meaning of intensifiers or downtoners will be defined, followed by the historical alteration of pretty, and the way of grammaticalization. After that, collocations and meaning scales are also w orth discussing. In the final part, the number of examples in spoken and written registers will be explained. Intensifiers and downtoners are semantically categorized as modifiers or degree words, which are traditionally under the classes of adjective and adverb. Syntactically, modifiers control elemental level rather than clausal level (Nevalainen and Rissanen, 2002: 361). This indicates intensifiers and downtoners to some extent vary the degree of the word that they modify. As defined by Biber (1999: 554-555), intensifiers enhance the degrees of the word on a scale, but downtoners decrease the scale on the gradable items. Moreover, although Bolinger (1972: 17) does not distinguish the difference between these two, he still calls degree words as intensifiers and divides them into four classes based on the scalar region: boosters, compromisers, diminishers, and minimizers, which are from higher level to the lower part of the scale. This completely shows that there must be a scale among modifiers, which amplify or lessen the words that they modify. Backlund (1973: 69) states that pretty is a moderate degree adverb because it uses a weak statement to reinforce a positive meaning into the word that it modifies. The point of view is similar to the idea of a scale among modifiers, since moderate degree adverbs also increase or decrease the degree of modified words; that is to say, I can employ Bolingers idea to consider pretty as an intensifier, to be more specific, compromisers. Pretty as an intensifier modifies the adjectives because it shows the middle scale of the adverbs: It was quite pretty stimulating stuff and I really enjoyed it. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦theyre you know pretty experienced counsellors. Its actually a pretty outstanding game so far. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦which was pretty obvious to most observers by this time,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. Pretty also modifies the adjectives: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦your first degree has got to relate pretty closely if youre going to get on a course in most cases. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦then one comes down pretty squarely in the period before priests and Levites were separated. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦you saw last week we can date pretty exactly in the late sixth century. I mean the the Tories started pretty messily. The word pretty, according to Nevalainen, and Rissanen (2002: 367), can be traced back to Old English as a form of prà ¦ttig with merely 10 instances, and mostly means cunning or cleverness in negative contexts. In Middle English period, the meaning of pretty extends into three categories: (1) cunning, and clever, (2) manly, fine; fair-sized, considerable, great; of a beating, and (3) handsome; elegant; enjoyable and pleasant, which Nevalainen and Rissanen claim that the development of the adverb pretty originates from the definition: fair-sized, considerable , and great (2002: 308). Furthermore, they also point out that although none of the examples show the use of pretty as an adverb in fifteenth century, historically, pretty or prettily starts to be adverb in the fifteenth century. Seventeenth century sees a significant increase in the number of instances of pretty as an adverb, which suggests that the intensifier meaning of pretty is gradually developing, and from the examples t hat Nevalainen and Rissanen exploit, pretty and very seem to be interchangeable (2002:309). The following instances taken from ICE-GB demonstrate very is the synonym of pretty: This loss of heat would pretty soon lead to its reaching a very cold temperatureà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. I hope, pretty briefly because this has been a short case. The first three lines are pretty easy really, Its pretty hard to park there anyway. Later on, in the nineteenth century positive ideas are conveyed by the usage of pretty, which is found to modify adjectives and adverbs (Backlund 1973: 133). If pretty is considered to be an intensifier, it may have undergone a process of functional shift, (Biscetti, 2006 :62) which means the procedure of intensifier forming is related to semantic feature copying, which is established by Lorenz in 2002. This refers to the fact that pretty becomes an intensifier through connecting the adjacent lexicon which has similar meaning. Therefore, Nevalainen and Risssanens idea about the origin of pretty as an adverb can be applied to examine the forming of intensifiers. Thats pretty good. [great] I think they did pretty well to get to end up like that. [great] These two examples seem to represent that pretty pre-modifies its similar words, good and well, in the meaning of great. However, they cannot represent the whole conversion because these two words are the high frequency lexica that pretty collocates with in ICE-GB with thirteen and six times respectively. The other highly collocating examples found in ICE-GB do not show the semantic feature copying: I am pretty sure that it is actuallyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. It is uh pretty quick. If functional shift or semantic feature copying cannot completely explain the change of pretty, there are some other reasons. According to Mendez-Naya (2003: 372), intensifiers can be said to undergo a process of grammaticalization, on account of the fact that the function of a grammatical form are generated by the gradual loss of lexical idiosyncrasy. In addition, Ito (2003: 261) also points out delexicalization, which is a procedure of grammaticalization, and elucidates the intensifiers as a lexicon that the speakers comment or evaluation towards the word they want to express. Then, five stages are further illustrated from (a) original meaning, (b) expressing emphasis, (c) affirming truth of modified words, (d) attributive adjectives, to (e) intensification without the original meaning. Some instances are found in ICE-GB: (17a) It was actually really pretty. (17b) à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦its in a quiet three-lined street filled with pretty houses,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. (17c) I am pretty sure of that. (17d) Apparently thats a pretty good idea. (17e) You were pretty stroppy then. Pretty in (17a) is an adjective to show the original definition of pretty either in three of them in Middle English Dictionary. (17b) contains an adjective pretty as well, but it shows the highlighting of the word houses, and it to some extent weakens its other original meaning, such as clever. Pretty in (17c) enhances the sureness of the speaker, while in (17d) it becomes the attributive adjectives and modifies either good or idea. Pretty in both (17c) and (17d) still possess some meaning of great itself, while in (17e) it is purely an intensifier in view of the fact that pretty can straightforwardly be considered as its synonym very. These instances manifest the grammaticalization and make pretty seem to experience semantic shift. Apart from grammaticalization, the frequency of collocation that pretty has also interests the discussion value. There are eighty-four examples of adjectives that pretty modifies in ICE-GB. The first one and two are good and sure, which have thirteen and four examples respectively. Big, busy, and quick have three instances for each, and difficult, hard, impressive, low, slow, strong only have two examples. Backlunds (1973: 134) states that pretty primarily combines with positive or neutral words, and occasionally, with negative words to express irony. This is perhaps due to the reason that pretty as an intensifier does not amplify or attenuate the gradable word up to the top of the scale or down to the bottom. It is interesting to notice that good is a positive word which is the highest tendency word to collocate with pretty, followed by sure, big, busy, and quick, the neutral words. The negative words that pretty collocates in ICE-GB are bad, dreary, grim, sad, wrecked, and stroppy, which only have one example. On the other hand, the adverbs that pretty modifies are six examples of well, two examples of quickly, and the others briefly, closely, exactly, high, messily, seriously, soon, sort of, and squarely. Similarly, there is a tendency for pretty to collocate with well, a positive word. The meaning scale of pretty as an adverb is categorized by Backlund (1973: 134-143) into (i) lowering the emotional level, (ii) lowering criticism, (iii) function of weak statement, (iv) degree modifier, (v) expression of phrasal, (vi) self-compliment, and (vii) front-position. (18i) à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦I suspect thats a pretty daunting record,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. (18ii) Yeah I mean hes a pretty normal boy. (18iii) So I imagine you have pretty strict regulations concerning its us. (18iv) à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦it would have been pretty well impossible to get in without a key. (18v) à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦your memory was pretty good basically, and this wasnt a problem. (18vi) Ive had a very uhm pretty straightforward sort of a life Im afraid. (18vii) Pretty much yeah Ive got to admit. The sentimental word daunting in (18i) is brought down by pretty because if this instance expressed without pretty, then it will be an explicit expression, showing the record is intimidating. In (18ii), pretty produces the idea that the interlocutor does not concern the thing he or she states, while pretty in (18iii) weakens the degree of strict, making the example sound euphemistic. Example (18iv) is more interesting because pretty modifies not only well but also the adjective impossible. The reason is based on the x schema (Santorini and Kroch, 2007): pretty dominates the following well and impossible in the phrase pretty well impossible. Examples (18v) and (18vi) manifest positive thoughts of the expresser, and these two instances are the evidence of the fact that pretty are likely to collocate with positive and neutral lexical. Front-position, as Backlund (1973: 143) claims, only occurs in the beginning of a full sentence, or can be recovered by the eliminated components, that is or it is. Hence, (18vii) can be uttered as Its pretty much. Yeah, Ive got to admit. So far, the thing that has not been discussed is the instances pretty much, which appears in ICE-GB eight times. According to Backlund (1973: 138), pretty much can be regarded as almost since much gains the implication of almost and nearly from the phrase pretty much the same, and pretty is often excluded. (19) I was pretty much advanced on the delegates. Likewise, pretty well comprises a similar sense almost as pretty much, but it also contains hesitance and reservation in the utterance (Backlund, 1973: 140). (20) à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦those percentages were pretty well reversed. Although Bolinger (1972: 215-217) asserts that when pretty much is used as a pre-modifier, it is a type of fusion, and it becomes a sentence modifier with the less restrictions of connecting verbs, no instances can be found in ICE-GB. Finally, there are 134 instances that can be found in ICE-GB, and 20 of them are written registers while the others are spoken ones. This implies that pretty used as an intensifier is still rare in written works, just as Gonzalez-Diaz (2008: 233) claims that verbal situations are the initial stage that language change happens, and later written language is influenced if speakers have created the innovation. In conclusion, pretty has experienced the language change from pure adjective clever to polysemy, and one of its meaning belongs to a modifier. Grammaticalization and the frequent collocations that pretty use may be the causes of the transformation. When people are inclined to utter the pattern of expression, the expression will gradually fixed, consequently leading to the novel usage of the word. That is the reason why there are some analogous meanings between pretty much and pretty well, even though pretty is considered as an intensifier. Overall, no matter how pretty develops, intensification is the linguistic expression of exaggeration and depreciation. (Bolinger, 1972: 20) Totall: 2050